251 research outputs found
Revisiting the proton mass decomposition
Different decompositions (sum rules) for the proton mass have been proposed
in the literature. All of them are related to the energy-momentum tensor in
quantum chromodynamics. We review and revisit these decompositions by paying
special attention to recent developments with regard to the renormalization of
the energy-momentum tensor. The connection between the sum rules is discussed
as well. We present numerical results for the various terms of the mass
decompositions up to 3 loops in the strong coupling, and consider their scheme
dependence. We also elaborate on the role played by the trace anomaly and the
sigma terms.Comment: 28 pages; V2: some discussion added, matches PRD versio
The gravitational form factor D(t) of the electron
The electron-graviton interaction can be described in terms of the
gravitational form factors of the QED energy momentum tensor. Here we focus on
the form factor D(t), and we examine its properties and its interpretation in
terms of internal forces at one-loop accuracy in QED. We perform the
calculation by keeping separate the contributions due to the electron and the
photon parts of the energy momentum tensor. We also study the case of a nonzero
photon mass. Furthermore, we discuss similarities with and differences to the
form factor D(t) of hadronic bound states.Comment: 18 pages, 6 figures; accepted for publication in Phys. Lett.
Towards micro electrical impedance tomography on chip
This work presents initial design and testing of a miniaturized electrical impedance tomography platform. Electrical impedance tomography (EIT) provides a low-cost, non-invasive, radiation-free type of imaging and can be relatively easily implemented on other miniaturized systems like microfluidics. Herein, we describe a miniaturized EIT on chip, along with its measurement setup and image reconstruction pipeline. First imaging results demonstrating a well-functioning setup are presented and form the basis for further investigations
Proper definition and evolution of generalized transverse momentum distributions
We consider one of the most fundamental sets of hadronic matrix elements,
namely the generalized transverse momentum distributions (GTMDs), and argue
that their existing definitions lack proper evolution properties. By exploiting
the similarity of GTMDs with the much better understood transverse momentum
distributions, we argue that the existing definitions of GTMDs have to include
an additional dependence on soft gluon radiation in order to render them
properly defined. With this, we manage to obtain the evolution kernel of all
(un)polarized quark and gluon GTMDs, which turns out to be spin independent. As
a byproduct, all large logarithms can be resummed up to
next-to-next-to-leading-logarithmic accuracy with the currently known
perturbative ingredients.Comment: v2: typo in eq.(19) corrected. Matches published version in PLB. v1:
9 pages, 2 figure
Allostatic load and preterm birth
Preterm birth is a universal health problem that is one of the largest unmet medical needs contributing to the global burden of disease. Adding to its complexity is that there are no means to predict who is at risk when pregnancy begins or when women will actually deliver. Until these problems are addressed, there will be no interventions to reduce the risk because those who should be treated will not be known. Considerable evidence now exists that chronic life, generational or accumulated stress is a risk factor for preterm delivery in animal models and in women. This wear and tear on the body and mind is called allostatic load. This review explores the evidence that chronic stress contributes to preterm birth and other adverse pregnancy outcomes in animal and human studies. It explores how allostatic load can be used to, firstly, model stress and preterm birth in animal models and, secondly, how it can be used to develop a predictive model to assess relative risk among women in early pregnancy. Once care providers know who is in the highest risk group, interventions can be developed and applied to mitigate their risk
Energy-Momentum Tensor Form Factors in QED
We present the results for the Energy-Momentum Tensor (EMT) form factor D(t) at one-loop accuracy in quantum electrodynamics for an electron state.
We report the the results in the case of both zero and nonzero photon mass. Moreover, individual electron and photon contributions to the EMT are investigated
Community Engagement with Older Adults to Evaluate Interprofessional Education in Allied Healthcare Students
Purpose: To examine students’ perceptions of interprofessional education (IPE) as a result of their participation in a community engagement experience with older adults. Methods: Thirty-six students enrolled in the undergraduate majors of athletic training, exercise science, and nutrition participated in an 8-week fall prevention program in two community dwelling senior centers. A one-group pretest-posttest evaluation design was used to assess the IPE experience of the students. Students completed the University of the West England Interprofessional Questionnaire pre and post intervention. Results: Both pretest and posttest student self-assessments of communication and teamwork skills ranged from slightly positive to neutral (means from 2.0 to 2.6). Students reported a statistical change in attitude from neutral (M = 2.3, SD + 1.1) in the direction of slightly positive (M = 2.0, SD + 1.1) toward being able to become quickly involved in new teams/groups from pretest to posttest t (26) = 2.53, p = .018; d = 0.49. 95% of students strongly agreed or agreed that the experience enabled them to interact with an unfamiliar and unique population as well as increased their understanding of other allied healthcare disciplines as a result of participation. No individual items nor the summary score exhibited statistical improvements over time. Conclusion: Overall, the intervention was successful in describing the IPE positive experiences and attitudes of undergraduate allied healthcare students when working in a senior adult population
Understanding the proton mass in QCD
Understanding the proton mass in quantum chromodynamics (QCD) is a very important and current topic in hadronic physics.
The decomposition (sum rule) of the proton mass is not unique, and different sum rules, which are related to the QCD energy-momentum tensor, can be found in the literature.
We review and compare these sum rules and identify open questions in this field
A Randomized Trial of the Little by Little CD-ROM: Demonstrated Effectiveness in Increasing Fruit and Vegetable Intake in a Low-income Population
INTRODUCTION: Research indicates that low fruit and vegetable intake is a risk factor for many chronic diseases. Despite large-scale education campaigns, the great majority of Americans do not consume recommended levels. We tested the ability of a single brief interactive experience of the Little by Little CD-ROM to increase fruit and vegetable intake in low-income women. METHODS: A randomized placebo-controlled, parallel-group trial included 481 low-income, female participants: mean age 50.1 years, 48.4% African American, 51.6% non-Hispanic white, and 92.5% below 185% of the federally designated poverty level. Participants received one of three conditions: 1) a one-time experience with the Little by Little CD-ROM, 2) the Little by Little CD-ROM plus two reminder telephone calls, or 3) a stress management CD-ROM (control condition). We assessed baseline and follow-up dietary intake with a modified 24-hour recall. RESULTS: Two months after the one-time experience with the CD-ROMs, both intervention groups reported significantly higher intakes of fruits and vegetables than the control group. The Little by Little group with reminder calls increased daily intake by 1.32 fruits/vegetables, an 86% greater increase than the control group (P = .016). The Little by Little group without reminder calls increased daily intake by 1.20 fruits/vegetables, a 69% greater increase than the control group (P = .052). Significantly greater movement in Stage of Readiness for Change also occurred in the Little by Little groups compared with the control group. CONCLUSION: The Little by Little CD-ROM may be useful in public health and clinical situations to increase fruit and vegetable intake
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